• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A method for transmitting electrical energy, the method comprising on the primary side (1) at least one charge energy source and at least one converter (4) and on the secondary side (2) more than one drive power storage (8), at least one power transmission channel (10) and at least one drive (11). In the method, more than one low-voltage charging element (6) is provided on the primary side (1), and on the secondary side (2) of the apparatus are provided the same number of low-voltage electric energy receiving elements (7), drive electric energy storage (8), power control components (9) ) as provided by charging elements (6) in the apparatus, and from each of the actuator electrical energy storage (8) a low-voltage electrical energy in a closed circuit through its own independent current control component (9) and its own independent electrical energy transfer channel (10) to at least one ).
    公开号:FI20175812A1
    申请号:FI20175812
    申请日:2017-09-13
    公开日:2019-03-14
    发明作者:Tero Purosto；Seppo Suur-Askola
    申请人:Movekotech Oy；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY
    The invention relates to a method for transmitting electrical energy as set forth in the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for transmitting electrical energy as set out in the preamble of claim 9.
    according to the new type of electric power transmission method and apparatus of the invention the electrical energy is transmitted to the primary side EN10 extra low voltage secondary side of the electrical energy storage, such as batteries. On the secondary side, low-voltage electrical energy is supplied through a plurality of independent electrical energy transmission channels to the terminals of an actuator, such as an electric motor stator. Minor voltage refers to direct voltage (DC) up to 120 volts and alternating voltage (AC) up to 50 volts. The miniature voltage is known as ELV (Extra Low Voltage) in regulations and standards. Since the solution according to the invention, the separated galvanically primary side and the secondary side of the secondary side esiin20 TYY only miniature voltage and the charging energy from the primary side is a miniature voltage of the secondary side of the solution is classified as miniature completely energized. Minor voltage electrical equipment may be constructed, repaired and installed without electrical qualification. The method according to the invention can be applied particularly well in, for example, electric vehicles such as electric buses and electric cars.
    With the advancement of technology, electric buses have become a viable alternative to urban and urban bus services30 as a replacement for traditional diesel buses. The cost of running an electric bus is lower than that of a diesel bus, but at the moment the initial investment is even more expensive. Electric buses have very low energy costs. The electric bus consumes an average of 35 kilowatt-hours per kilometer, but the consumption varies
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017 Depending on, among other things, the manufacturer of the equipment, the driver's driving style and the traffic and weather conditions. The consumption of an electric bus in cold, snowy and slippery conditions in winter can reach an average of 1.5 kilowatt hours per kilometer. However, electric buses promote, among other things, the goals set by the Finnish Government's program, such as the use of carbon-free renewable energy in transport. The Ministry of Transport and Communications has proposed that the share of electricity in urban bus and distribution traffic should be at least 70% by 2050.
    The battery should be light in order to minimize the mass to accelerate. This will allow the bus to operate within a maximum range of approximately 100 kilometers with fully charged batteries. A typical 15 hours to about half a city on the route to cope with less than three minutes of charging both ends of the route.
    In order to keep the battery light, the so-called head20 stop charging system is becoming established in Finland for organizing electric bus traffic. Electric buses are charged during the day at the terminals, but also at night at the bus depot. Chargers can also be located elsewhere on the line. Charging along the line is usually accomplished using a high-power (k 300 kW) pantograph charging for charging above the electric bus. Pantograph Charging is an automatic charging method that can be used for both depot charging and quick charging during traffic. When using the charger, the pantograph component, which transmits electricity to the bus, can be located either in the 30 charger or in the electric bus itself. The pantograph charging technology offers up to 450 kW charging at its best.
    In addition to the pantograph charging commonly used in urban areas, there are other fast charging methods for electric buses, such as induction charging, which use lower
    at half automatic download. inductive charging happens ground mounted primary winding and bus mounted improving the efficiency and between the secondary winding without the contact surface. induction
    thiol chargers require good operating conditions to work, and even minor drawbacks such as tree leaves, sand, debris, snow and ice can prevent the charging from succeeding. The positioning of the electric bus on the induction charger also requires an automatic detection system for the electric bus. Induction charging is particularly suitable for buses as they are often used for very regular traffic on a particular route. It reduces the size of the required batteries and shortens the necessary downtime. Cost savings compared to larger battery electric buses 15, despite the need for charging platforms for stops
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    In a bus depot, charging is usually done using cable charging, which uses moderate 20-50 kW charging capacities 20 to minimize costs. For cable charging, the charging cable must be connected manually to the electric bus. Therefore, cable charging is best suited for depot charging so that electric bus service personnel can handle the connection of the charging cables.
    For the most demanding battery-powered applications, such as electric car and electric bus motors, current technology is generally powered by accumulators that provide the required voltage of about 300 to 700 volts for electric motors. A sufficient voltage is achieved by connecting hundreds of low-voltage batteries, for example 3.6 volts, in series. In addition, it is very common for electric motors to convert the current into a three-phase alternating current.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    In addition to the modest operating range and the expensive price, the current solutions have the problem of ensuring the operational safety of electric vehicles, which is demanding when the operating voltage of the environment exceeds the aforementioned miniature voltage limit. To achieve the required level of electrical safety, high-voltage battery circuits must be insulated, which results in additional thickness, weight and cost. High charge currents also require more fuse sizes, which in turn affects the highest cost of electrical connections. Higher operating voltages on the equipment stress technical components, such as power components, causing the equipment to age rapidly and require frequent service intervals. Power losses and heat losses 15 are also large, directly and indirectly affecting costs, e.g. through the rapid aging of various components and the need for additional cooling solutions. In addition, all service personnel who operate the equipment on the secondary side, that is, on the side where the drive and the drive's electrical energy stores are located, must be electric qualified or under the guidance of a qualified electrician. This limits and complicates the maintenance of equipment such as electric buses, causing additional costs for maintenance.
    A further problem with current systems is their poor reliability and poor redundancy. In the event of a malfunction at any time during the process from charging the electrical energy storage of the device to the electrical energy storage itself and using the drive, there is a high risk that the drive cannot be utilized before the maintenance arrives.
    The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a safe, workable and economical method and apparatus for transmitting electrical energy. The method of transmitting electrical energy according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of the claim and the device for transmitting electrical energy according to the invention is characterized by what is described in the characterizing part of claim 9. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is set forth in the other claims.
    In the method of transmitting electric energy according to the invention, the primary side of the method comprises at least one charging energy source and at least one transformer, and on the secondary side more than one drive energy storage, at least one electric transmission channel and at least one drive. In the method, more than one small voltage-loading charge element is provided on the primary side.
    The secondary side of the apparatus is provided with the same number of miniaturized power receiving elements, drive electrical storage, power control components, and outgoing electrical power transmission channels as the charging elements provided in the apparatus. Each of the actuator electrical energy stores supplies a small amount of live electrical power in a closed circuit through its own independent current control component and its own independent electrical energy transfer channel to the actuator for up to 25 stator terminals.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    One essential advantage of the method and apparatus of the invention, or shorter solution, for transmitting electrical energy is that the required low-voltage electrical energy is channeled to the actuator over a plurality of stator poles so that the entire actuator operating environment, i.e. the secondary side, is When the voltages are finally summed up in the drive, the same electrical power as that used for example in standard high-voltage electric buses operating at about 700 volts is achieved.
    A further advantage is that the solution enables the DC power supply to the electric motor to be arranged in the same way as a three-phase alternating current. The benefits of operating on low voltage include a clear improvement in the electrical safety of the operating environment. Low DC miniature voltages are not life-threatening to humans. According to current safety regulations, a person competent in a low voltage environment does not require electrical10 qualifications, which facilitates, for example, the use of persons in drive installation and maintenance. The use of a small voltage enables lighter insulation and cooling solutions, as well as simpler controls and connections. In addition, the low-voltage environment does not stress the components of the operating environment in the same way as higher voltages, thereby improving the failure rate of the system and extending service intervals. All of the above will significantly reduce the cost of purchasing and operating the equipment.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    Another benefit is the redundancy of the operating environment both on the primary side and on the secondary side. The primary side has more than one copy of all the components needed for charging, and the download continues uninterrupted even if one of the components fails. On the secondary side, the transmission of electrical energy to the drive is arranged by means of a plurality of independent miniature-voltage electrical transmission channels, and the drive's electrical energy stores, the batteries, are the same as the independent electrical transmission channels. In the event of a power failure in a single channel, the drive continues to operate, as other channels normally supply the drive with its own independent batteries.
    Another benefit is the improved usability of battery-powered devices, such as wireless charging and extended battery life. For example, the method and apparatus of the invention can be loaded on the primary side Ia 5 tausenergiavarastoja, such as batteries, continuously slowly while saving energy costs, since the size of the charging current source fuse does not need to be large. When an actuator, such as an electric bus, arrives at the charging station, the rapid charging of the electric bus batteries from the charging energy stores is carried out at a high current but low voltage for very short charging time, even a few minutes.
    The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following exemplary embodiments, with reference to the accompanying simplified drawings, in which the figure illustrates one embodiment of the invention as a simplified diagram, shows another embodiment of the invention as a simplified diagram,
    In the figure, there is an apparatus for transferring the invention to an electric bus in which the arrangement is applied.
    shown in a simplified diagrammatic representation of an obtuse application example to the electric energy drive device 11 and when charging the electric energy, the environment is divided into two halves: the primary side 1, i.e. the electric energy charging side, and the secondary 2, 35, i.e. the electric energy receiving side. Primary side 1 and
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017 Secondary side 2 is galvanically separated 3 from each other. In practice, this means that the primary side 1 and the secondary side 2 are not physically in contact with each other, but the transmission of electrical energy from the primary side 1 to the secondary side 2 is accomplished completely wirelessly through electromagnetic induction.
    The charging power is supplied by a three-phase AC with a voltage of 400 volts. In the application example, there are two separate sources of charging energy behind their own fuses. The current is supplied to converters 4 which convert the current into direct current and lower the voltage level to 48 volts. This 48 volt DC is used to charge two 48 volt charging energy stores 5, such as a battery. Charging is carried out continuously with a small amount of current, which allows the use of small fuse sizes, which in turn reduces the cost of obtaining electricity. Charging Energy Storage 5 are preferably of high capacity batteries, in which case they may quick release energy through more charging element 6 on the secondary side 2. Since the charging power source and charging the energy storage 5 is two or more, is achieved on the primary side 1 redundancy, a possible failure at one of the primary-side one component of the primary side 1 is still able to continue to supplying electrical energy to the secondary side 2.
    From the charge energy stores 5, electrical energy is transferred from the primary side 1 by means of the charging elements 6 to the secondary side 2. In the exemplary embodiment of the figure, there are 24 charge elements 6. The charging element 6 is, at its simplest, a coil component, i.e. a coil, which creates an electromagnetic field around it. On the secondary side 2, the charging energy is received by the electric energy receiving element 7, which is a coil component similar to the charging element 6. The transmission of electrical energy from the primary side 1 to the secondary side 2 or
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017 induction charging based on electromagnetic induction and charging method is completely wireless. Wireless power transfer is advantageously implemented as resonance-based resonance induction, which enhances the transmission of electrical energy. Each one of the primary charging element 6 on the secondary side is 2, one of the electric energy receiving element 7.
    The energy receiving element 7 transmits the received 48-volt electric power drive to an electrical energy storage 10, such as a battery. Each electric energy receiving member 7 has its own actuator electrical energy storage 8, that is, the actuator electric energy storage 8 is as many as the electric energy receiving member 7. Thus, in this embodiment, the actuator 11 has 24 batteries. 15
    From the electric power storage 8 of the drive, the electric energy is supplied to a current control component 9, such as a bridge bridge, for controlling current supply and current polarity controlling the power supply and the polarity of the current to the actuator 11. The electrical energy from each of the current control components 9 is transmitted through the electrical energy transmission channel 10 to the actuator 11.
    The actuator 11 is an electric motor 11 having 24 pieces of stator terminals 12. The stator terminal 12 is a coil component in the stator, i.e. a coil, into which electrical energy is supplied by two conductors. Each stator terminal 12 is associated with its own individual drive electrical energy storage 8, current control component 9, and electrical energy transfer path 35 10, through which the 48-volt electrical energy is supplied in a closed
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017 in the circuit for the stator terminal 12. By controlling the current control components 9 appropriately to supply a small voltage electrical energy to the stator terminals 12, the electric motor is made to function as, for example, a normal three-phase 5 AC electric motor. The current control components 9 can change the polarity of the current, whereby the electric motor 11 rotates in the opposite direction. Each of the stator terminals 12 of the electric motor 11 has its own independent 48-volt circuit, and the operating voltage on any of the components of the system does not exceed 48 volts. Although the electrical energy voltages in the system do not exceed 48 volts, when summed up to the drive, they are effectively equivalent to higher voltage operating environments.
    Since the primary side 1 is galvanically isolated from the secondary side 2 and the secondary side 2 maintains operating voltages in separate electrical energy transmission channels 10 so that their voltage levels do not rise above 48 volts, the secondary side 2 can be classified as a completely low voltage environment. Minor voltage refers to direct voltage (DC) up to 120 volts and alternating current (AC) up to 50 volts. The miniature voltage is known as ELV (Extra Low Voltage) in regulations and standards. This low-voltage environment is electrically safe 25 and very cost-effective. Minor voltage electrical equipment may be constructed, repaired and installed without electrical qualification.
    In the embodiment shown above, there were 24 charging elements 6, electrical energy receiving elements
    7, actuator electrical storage 8, current control components 9, electrical energy transfer channels 10, and actuator 11 stator 12. The number of these components may vary widely depending upon, for example, the purpose of actuator 35 or the low voltage level used.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    The numbers can vary, for example, between 8-36.
    Figure 2 is a simplified schematic view of another embodiment of the invention. Primary Solution 1 is similar to what is shown in Figure 1, but the transmission elements 6, only three pieces. On the secondary side, respectively, there are three electrical energy receiving elements 7, three actuator electrical storage 8, three current control components 9, and three outgoing power transmission channels 10 for actuator 11. For simplicity, there are only three components, but in actual applications there may be many more. Correspondingly, the actuator 11, such as an electric motor, has twice the number of stators 12, i.e. six in this embodiment. From one actuator electrical energy storage 8, electrical energy is supplied through an electrical energy transmission channel 10 to two stator poles 12 disposed on opposite sides of the rotor periphery of the electric motor 11 and opposite currents in the stator poles 12 being conducted in different directions, i.e., different polarity.
    As shown in above embodiment the secondary side of two drive electric energy storage 8, the current control component 9 and the power transmission channels 10 is more than one, is achieved by the secondary side of two redundancy, that is, any one of the secondary-side two component vikaantues30 SA, the secondary side 2 is still able to continue the electric power fed to the electric motor 11 and the electric motor 11 remains in operation.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    Figure 3 illustrates, in simplified form, an apparatus according to the invention, an electric bus 13, in which the arrangement of Figure 1 is applied.
    The secondary side 2, i.e. the charging point of the electric bus 13, is arranged under a base 14, such as a road. The charging station has two separate three-phase charging power supplies 4a, from which low-voltage electrical power is continuously supplied via converters 4 to charging energy stores 5, such as 10 batteries 5. The batteries 5 are connected in parallel to each other to . When the bus 13 arrives at the charging station, the charging side is activated and led from the batteries 5 to the charging elements 6. From the bottom of the bus 13, the electrical energy receiving elements 7 are lowered near the base 14 and at the charging elements 6. The charging station normally has solutions to facilitate positioning of the bus 13. Charging elements 6 wirelessly supply, by means of resonance induction, a large amount of electrical energy from the charge energy stores to the electrical energy receiving means 7, which transmit the electrical energy to the electric energy stores 8, i.e. the batteries 8. The batteries 8 are before the next download. After charging the batteries 8, the electrical energy receiving members 7 are lifted back into the bottom of the bus 13 and the bus 13 can continue its journey.
    In an independent closed circuit, a low voltage electrical energy is supplied from a single battery 8 in an electrical energy transmission channel 10 to one of the stator terminals 12 of the electric motor 11 A low voltage electrical energy is supplied from each of the 24 batteries in the electric bus 13 to a dedicated electric motor 11.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017 for terminals 12. Each closed circuit also has a power control component 9 and these power control components 9 are centrally controlled to optimize the desired and advantageous operation of the electric motor.
    It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various embodiments of the invention are not limited to the examples above, but may vary within the scope of the following claims. It is essential in the invention 10 that only miniature voltages are used on the secondary side of the arrangement and that the power supply to the drive is channeled by a plurality of separate miniature voltages. Thus, for example, the miniature voltages shown may differ from the 48 volts used in the embodiments, as long as the voltage does not exceed the internationally specified miniature voltage threshold.
    It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that, in the method and apparatus of the invention, the number of components, such as charge cells, batteries, or power control components, may be different from those shown in the embodiments.
    It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the voltage level of the charging energy source in the method and apparatus of the invention may be different from that shown in the embodiments. The rated voltage of the charging energy source can be 230 Vac, for example.
    It will be further apparent to one skilled in the art that other suitable electrical energy storage devices, for example capacitors, preferably 35 supercapacitors, may be used as charging energy storage or drive electrical energy storage in the method and apparatus of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. A method for transmitting electrical energy, comprising:
    5 comprises at least one charging energy source and at least one converter (4) on the primary side (1) and more than one drive energy storage device (8), at least one power transmission channel (10) and at least one drive device (11) on the secondary side (2), characterized in that in method en10, more than one low-voltage charging element (6) is provided on the side (1) of the en10, and that on the secondary side (2) of the apparatus is provided the same number of low-voltage electrical energy receiving elements (7), drive (10) as provided by the charging elements (6) in the apparatus, and from each of the actuator electrical energy storage (8) a small voltage electrical energy in a closed circuit is provided by its own independent power control component (9) and its own independent electrical energy transfer channel (10) through the actuator (11) to at least one stator hub (12).
    [2]
    The method of claim 1 for electrical energy
    25 for transmitting, characterized in that the converter (4) produced by the miniature energized the energy stored in the charging of at least one of the primary charging the energy storage (1) (5).
    [3]
    Method according to claim 1 or 2,
    30 for transmitting energy, characterized in that the secondary side of the process (2) is used as a mini-voltage electrical energy, and charging the energy storage on the primary side (1) (5) and latauselementeissä (6) is used as a protective low voltage electrical energy.
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    [4]
    Method for transmitting electrical energy according to claim 1,2 or 3, characterized in that the primary energy-charging side (1) and the electric
    5 The galvanically separated part (2) is separated galvanically (3).
    Method for transmitting electrical energy according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrical energy is charged from the primary side (1) to the secondary side (2).
    10 wirelessly as an induction charge.
    Method for transmitting electrical energy according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, from the electrical energy storage (8) of the drive device to the drive device
    15 (11) the amount and polarity of the outgoing electric energy is controlled by the current control component (9).
    Method for transmitting electrical energy according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    From each of the actuator electrical energy storage (8), an independent electric energy transmission channel (10) is led to one of the actuator (11) stator terminals (12).
    Method for transmitting electric power according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that electric energy is supplied from each actuator electrical storage (8) via two electrical stator terminals (12) via electrical energy transmission channels (10).
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy, the apparatus comprising on the primary side (1) at least one charging energy source and at least one converter (4) and on the secondary side (2) more than one actuator electrical energy storage (8), at least one electrical energy transfer channel (10) and at least one actuator ), characterized in that the primary side (1) of the apparatus comprises more than one miniature voltage charging element (6), and that the secondary side (2) of the apparatus comprises the same number of miniature electric energy receiving elements (7), actuator electrical energy stores (8), power control components. (9) and outgoing electrical energy transfer channels (10), such as having charging elements (6) in the apparatus, and wherein the actuator 10 (11) comprises at least a plurality of voltage-receiving stator poles (12) according to the charging element.
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy according to claim 9, characterized in that the primary side 15 (1) of the apparatus comprises more than one charging energy source, a converter (4) and a charging energy storage (5).
    20175812 prh 13 -09- 2017
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the apparatus
    20 comprises a primary side (1) and secondary (2), the galvanic separation (3).
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy according to claim 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the laws of the apparatus 25 have 8 to 36 charging elements (6).
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the primary side (1) of the apparatus preferably comprises a
    30 should there be 8 - 36 24 charging elements (6).
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the drive means (11) comprises the same number of stator poles (12) as there are charging elements (6) on the primary side (1).
    [5]
    Apparatus for transmitting electrical energy according to one of the preceding claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the actuator (11) comprises the same twice as many stator poles (12) as there are charging elements (6) on the primary side (1), and electric 10 from the energy storage (8) is connected by means of an electric energy transmission channel (10) to two opposed stator terminals (12) of the actuator (11) and that these opposite stator poles (12) are controlled to travel with different polarity.
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
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    FI20175812A|FI128169B|2017-09-13|2017-09-13|Method and apparatus for transmitting electric energy|FI20175812A| FI128169B|2017-09-13|2017-09-13|Method and apparatus for transmitting electric energy|
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    EP18855581.7A| EP3682526A4|2017-09-13|2018-09-12|Method and apparatus for transmitting electric energy|
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